Emerging therapies and their delivery for treating age-related macular degeneration.
Thomas, Chloe N Sim, Dawn A Lee, Wen Hwa Alfahad, Nada Dick, Andrew D Denniston, Alastair K Hill, Lisa J
Thomas, Chloe N
Sim, Dawn A
Lee, Wen Hwa
Alfahad, Nada
Dick, Andrew D
Denniston, Alastair K
Hill, Lisa J
Citations
Altmetric:
Affiliation
Other Contributors
Publication date
2021-05-12
Subject
Collections
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness in the Western world and is characterised in its latter stages by retinal cell death and neovascularisation and earlier stages with the loss of parainflammatory homeostasis. Patients with neovascular AMD (nAMD) are treated with frequent intraocular injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies, which are not only unpopular with patients but carry risks of sight-threatening complications. A minority of patients are unresponsive with no alternative treatment available, and some patients who respond initially eventually develop a tolerance to treatment. New therapeutics with improved delivery methods and sustainability of clinical effects are required, in particular for non-neovascular AMD (90% of cases and no current approved treatments). There are age-related and disease-related changes that occur which can affect ocular drug delivery. Here, we review the latest emerging therapies for AMD, their delivery routes and implications for translating to clinical practice. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Inflammation, Repair and Ageing. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v179.9/issuetoc.
Citation
Thomas CN, Sim DA, Lee WH, Alfahad N, Dick AD, Denniston AK, Hill LJ. Emerging therapies and their delivery for treating age-related macular degeneration. Br J Pharmacol. 2022 May;179(9):1908-1937. doi: 10.1111/bph.15459. Epub 2021 May 12
Type
Article