Impact of low-protein diet on cardiovascular risk factors and kidney function in diabetic nephropathy : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials
Sohouli, Mohammad Hassan Mirmiran, Parvin Seraj, Shaikh Sanjid Kutbi, Emad Alkahmous, Hadil Ali Mohammed Almuqayyid, Faisal Arafah, Omar Ahnaf Barakeh, Abdul Rahman Riad Abu-Zaid, Ahmed
Sohouli, Mohammad Hassan
Mirmiran, Parvin
Seraj, Shaikh Sanjid
Kutbi, Emad
Alkahmous, Hadil Ali Mohammed
Almuqayyid, Faisal
Arafah, Omar Ahnaf
Barakeh, Abdul Rahman Riad
Abu-Zaid, Ahmed
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Affiliation
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust; King Fahad Medical City; Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University; Alfaisal University; University of Tennessee Health Science Center
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Publication date
2022-09-06
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Abstract
Aim: To assess the efficacy of low-protein diets (LPD) on cardiovascular risk factors and kidney function in diabetic nephropathy (DN) based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was undertaken in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Embase databases from inception until January 2022 without using time or language restrictions. RCTs which reported the effects of LPD on cardiovascular risk factors and kidney function in DN were considered.
Results: The results of the present study showed that a LPD significantly reduces urinary urea (WMD: -244.49 g/day, 95 % CI: -418.83, -70.16, P = 0.006) and HbA1c (WMD: -0.20, 95 % CI: -0.39, -0.01, P = 0.036) levels. However, the results did not show neither significant nor beneficial effect on other renal function and cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, the results of subgroup analysis showed LPD caused a further decrease in HbA1c during the follow-up period of ≤ 24 weeks, protein intake less than 0.8 g/kg/d and in individuals younger than 50 years. Albuminuria also showed a greater reduction in people under the age of 50 with type 1 diabetes (DMT1) following a LPD.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that LPD significantly reduces urinary urea and HbA1c.
Citation
Sohouli MH, Mirmiran P, Seraj SS, Kutbi E, Alkahmous HAM, Almuqayyid F, Arafah OA, Barakeh ARR, Abu-Zaid A. Impact of low-protein diet on cardiovascular risk factors and kidney function in diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2022 Sep;191:110068.
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Article