Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine.
Payne, Rebecca P Longet, Stephanie Austin, James A Skelly, Donal T Dejnirattisai, Wanwisa Adele, Sandra Meardon, Naomi Faustini, Sian Al-Taei, Saly Moore, Shona C
Payne, Rebecca P
Longet, Stephanie
Austin, James A
Skelly, Donal T
Dejnirattisai, Wanwisa
Adele, Sandra
Meardon, Naomi
Faustini, Sian
Al-Taei, Saly
Moore, Shona C
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2021-10-16
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Abstract
Extension of the interval between vaccine doses for the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was introduced in the United Kingdom to accelerate population coverage with a single dose. At this time, trial data were lacking, and we addressed this in a study of United Kingdom healthcare workers. The first vaccine dose induced protection from infection from the circulating alpha (B.1.1.7) variant over several weeks. In a substudy of 589 individuals, we show that this single dose induces severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses and a sustained B and T cell response to the spike protein. NAb levels were higher after the extended dosing interval (6-14 weeks) compared with the conventional 3- to 4-week regimen, accompanied by enrichment of CD4+ T cells expressing interleukin-2 (IL-2). Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection amplified and accelerated the response. These data on dynamic cellular and humoral responses indicate that extension of the dosing interval is an effective immunogenic protocol.
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Payne RP, Longet S, Austin JA, Skelly DT, Dejnirattisai W, Adele S, Meardon N, Faustini S, Al-Taei S, Moore SC, Tipton T, Hering LM, Angyal A, Brown R, Nicols AR, Gillson N, Dobson SL, Amini A, Supasa P, Cross A, Bridges-Webb A, Reyes LS, Linder A, Sandhar G, Kilby JA, Tyerman JK, Altmann T, Hornsby H, Whitham R, Phillips E, Malone T, Hargreaves A, Shields A, Saei A, Foulkes S, Stafford L, Johnson S, Wootton DG, Conlon CP, Jeffery K, Matthews PC, Frater J, Deeks AS, Pollard AJ, Brown A, Rowland-Jones SL, Mongkolsapaya J, Barnes E, Hopkins S, Hall V, Dold C, Duncan CJA, Richter A, Carroll M, Screaton G, de Silva TI, Turtle L, Klenerman P, Dunachie S; PITCH Consortium. Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Cell. 2021 Nov 11;184(23):5699-5714.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.011. Epub 2021 Oct 16
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