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Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Celiac Patients and the Effect of a Gluten-Free Diet: An Iranian Nationwide Study
Rostami-Nejad, Mohammad Taraghikhah, Nazanin Ciacci, Carolina Pourhoseingholi, Mohamad Amin Barzegar, Farnoush Rezaei-Tavirani, Mostafa Aldulaimi, David Zali, Mohammad Reza
Rostami-Nejad, Mohammad
Taraghikhah, Nazanin
Ciacci, Carolina
Pourhoseingholi, Mohamad Amin
Barzegar, Farnoush
Rezaei-Tavirani, Mostafa
Aldulaimi, David
Zali, Mohammad Reza
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Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; University of Salerno, Italy; South Warwickshire University NHS Foundation Trust
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2020-02
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Abstract
Introduction: Psychiatric disorders, especially anxiety, are considered extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease (CD).
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the level of anxiety in treated patients with CD in Iran.
Methods: A total of 283 CD patients (190 female, 93 male) were enrolled in a study during 2016-2018 from 9 centers in Iran. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale questionnaire was completed. The anxiety index was calculated. Also, demographic data and the duration of treatment with a gluten-free diet (GFD) were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.
Results: Anxiety symptoms were reported in 67.8% of patients. Female patients had a higher anxiety index than male patients. Duration of treatment with a GFD did not influence the anxiety index (17.3% were on a GFD for <1 year, 33.6% for 1-2 years, and 49.1% had GFD for >2 years; p = 0.86).
Conclusions: These results suggest that anxiety symptoms are common among patients, especially females, with CD in Iran and GFD duration has no effect on their improvement.
Keywords: Anxiety; Celiac disease; Gluten-free diet; Iran; Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale.
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Rostami-Nejad M, Taraghikhah N, Ciacci C, Pourhoseingholi MA, Barzegar F, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Aldulaimi D, Zali MR. Anxiety Symptoms in Adult Celiac Patients and the Effect of a Gluten-Free Diet: An Iranian Nationwide Study. Inflamm Intest Dis. 2020 Feb;5(1):42-47. doi: 10.1159/000505657. Epub 2020 Jan 24.
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