Cirrhosis and non-hepatic surgery in 2023 - a precision medicine approach
Morris, Sean M Abbas, Nadir Osei-Bordom, Daniel-Clement Bach, Simon P Tripathi, Dhiraj Rajoriya, Neil
Morris, Sean M
Abbas, Nadir
Osei-Bordom, Daniel-Clement
Bach, Simon P
Tripathi, Dhiraj
Rajoriya, Neil
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Affiliation
University Hospitals Birmingham; University of Birmingham
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Publication date
2023-02-13
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Abstract
Introduction: Patients with liver disease and portal hypertension frequently require surgery carrying high morbidity and mortality. Accurately estimating surgical risk remains challenging despite improved medical and surgical management.
Areas covered: This review aims to outline a comprehensive approach to preoperative assessment, appraise methods used to predict surgical risk, and provide an up-to-date overview of outcomes for patients with cirrhosis undergoing non-hepatic surgery.
Expert opinion: Robust preoperative, individually tailored, and precise risk assessment can reduce peri- and postoperative complications in patients with cirrhosis. Established prognostic scores aid stratification, providing an estimation of postoperative mortality, albeit with limitations. VOCAL-Penn Risk Score may provide greater precision than established liver severity scores. Amelioration of portal hypertension in advance of surgery may be considered, with prospective data demonstrating hepatic venous pressure gradient as a promising surrogate marker of postoperative outcomes. Morbidity and mortality vary between types of surgery with further studies required in patients with more advanced liver disease. Patient-specific considerations and practicing precision medicine may allow for improved postoperative outcomes.
Citation
Morris SM, Abbas N, Osei-Bordom DC, Bach SP, Tripathi D, Rajoriya N. Cirrhosis and non-hepatic surgery in 2023 - a precision medicine approach. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023 Feb;17(2):155-173. doi: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2163627. Epub 2023 Feb 13.
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