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An updated overview of spectrum of gluten-related disorders: clinical and diagnostic aspects
Taraghikhah, Nazanin Ashtari, Sara Asri, Nastaran Shahbazkhani, Bijan Aldulaimi, David Rostami-Nejad, Mohammad Rezaei-Tavirani, Mostafa Razzaghi, Mohammad Reza Zali, Mohammad Reza
Taraghikhah, Nazanin
Ashtari, Sara
Asri, Nastaran
Shahbazkhani, Bijan
Aldulaimi, David
Rostami-Nejad, Mohammad
Rezaei-Tavirani, Mostafa
Razzaghi, Mohammad Reza
Zali, Mohammad Reza
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Affiliation
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; South Warwickshire University NHS Foundation Trust;
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Publication date
2020-08
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Abstract
Abstract
The incidence of gluten-related disorders (GRDs) continues to increase and its global prevalence is estimated at approximately 5% of the population. Celiac disease (CD), dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), gluten ataxia (GA), wheat allergy (WA), and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are the five major GRDs that present with a wide range of clinical manifestations. The diagnosis of GRDs can be challenging because the typical and atypical clinical manifestations of the GRDs overlap. In this review, the current definitions of gluten-related disorders, focusing on their clinical features, diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are presented. We concluded that GRDs are usually diagnosed using a combination of clinical features, serological tests, and histopathological findings. Treatment usually involves dietary modification.
Keywords: Ataxia; Celiac disease; Diagnosis; Diet, gluten-free; Gluten; Hypersensitivity.
Citation
Taraghikhah N, Ashtari S, Asri N, Shahbazkhani B, Al-Dulaimi D, Rostami-Nejad M, Rezaei-Tavirani M, Razzaghi MR, Zali MR. An updated overview of spectrum of gluten-related disorders: clinical and diagnostic aspects. BMC Gastroenterol. 2020 Aug 6;20(1):258. doi: 10.1186/s12876-020-01390-0.
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Article