Age at onset predicts outcome in aquaporin-4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder from a United Kingdom population.
Papathanasiou, Athanasios Tanasescu, Radu Tench, Chris R Rocha, Maria Francisca Bose, Smriti Constantinescu, Cris S Jacob, Saiju
Papathanasiou, Athanasios
Tanasescu, Radu
Tench, Chris R
Rocha, Maria Francisca
Bose, Smriti
Constantinescu, Cris S
Jacob, Saiju
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2021-10-24
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Abstract
Background: There are few studies exploring the prognostic factors in patients with aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).
Objective: To assess the predictors of outcome in patients with AQP4-antibody positive NMOSD from a United Kingdom (UK) population.
Methods: A retrospective study of 52 patients from 2 neuroscience centres in the UK Midlands.
Results: The most common initial presentations were acute myelitis and optic neuritis, with 22/52 cases (42.3%) each. Relapsing course was seen in 32 patients (61.5%) with mean annualised relapse rate of 0.43 (standard deviation 0.45) and a mean interval time to first relapse of 31 months (range 2-108). The median Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score at the last follow up was 4 (range 1-9). Age at onset was an independent predictor of disability in the whole cohort of patients with NMOSD. For every 10-year increase in age at disease onset, the risk of developing an EDSS score of ≥4 increased by 34%. Patients who presented initially with a longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) showed a higher risk to develop disability, compared to other clinical presentations (median time of 4 years versus 13 years). Late onset (LO-NMOSD) patients were likely to reach an EDSS score of 4 more quickly, compared to early onset (EO-NMOSD) (median time of 7 years versus 13 years). Higher median EDSS score at last follow up was observed in LO-NMOSD compared to EO-NMOSD (6 versus 2).
Conclusion: Increasing age at onset and LETM predict disability in AQP-4-IgG positive NMOSD patients.
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Papathanasiou A, Tanasescu R, Tench CR, Rocha MF, Bose S, Constantinescu CS, Jacob S. Age at onset predicts outcome in aquaporin-4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder from a United Kingdom population. J Neurol Sci. 2021 Dec 15;431:120039. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.120039. Epub 2021 Oct 24
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