The effect of non-pharmacological sleep interventions on glycaemic measures in adults with sleep disturbances and behaviours: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mostafa, Samiul A Hanif, Wasim Crowe, Francesca Balanos, George Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah Ellis, Jason G Tahrani, Abd A
Mostafa, Samiul A
Hanif, Wasim
Crowe, Francesca
Balanos, George
Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah
Ellis, Jason G
Tahrani, Abd A
Affiliation
Other Contributors
Publication date
2025-01
Collections
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Journal Issue
Abstract
Background: Sleep insufficiency is known to negatively impact on glucose metabolism. Consequently, there is interest in determining the impact of improving sleep on glucose metabolism. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies that aimed at improving sleep using cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) and/or sleep hygiene or sleep extension on glucose metabolism.
Methods: Searches were performed on MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane. We included studies featuring adultsā„18years, a sleep intervention and glycaemic measurements. The pooled mean differences were calculated by the inverse variance method.
Results: 24 studies (15 CBT-I and/or sleep hygiene; 9 sleep extension) were included. Meta-analysis of 12 studies (n = 2,044) of CBT-I and/or sleep hygiene demonstrated a significant reduction in HbA1c of 0.27% (95% CI 0.07, 0.47, I2 74%, p = 0.008) compared to control. In T2DM (n = 1,911; 9 studies), HbA1c level decrease was 0.43% (0.19, 0.67, I2 59%, p = 0.0004). There were no significant changes in fasting blood glucose analyses nor in any sleep extension intervention. For quality assessment, only 9 studies had low concern.
Conclusions: Using CBT-I and/or sleep hygiene interventions led to significant reductions in HbA1c levels, which were clinically meaningful in T2DM. Addressing sleep insufficiency should be an integral part of diabetes care.
Citation
Mostafa SA, Hanif W, Crowe F, Balanos G, Nirantharakumar K, Ellis JG, Tahrani AA. The effect of non-pharmacological sleep interventions on glycaemic measures in adults with sleep disturbances and behaviours: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2025 Jan-Feb;22(1):14791641241307367. doi: 10.1177/14791641241307367.
Type
Article